The Sacroiliac joints link the spine to the hips. Basically, they are positioned between the iliac bones and the sacrum. Both joints offer support and stability and a significant amount of shock absorption during walking and lifting. The sacroiliac joints are positioned below the waist, from where two dimples are visible from the back.

 

Strong ligaments and muscles support the sacroiliac joints. For typical bodily flexibility, the joint has a very modest range of motion. Our bones get rheumatic, and our ligaments tighten as we age. When the cartilage deteriorates, the bones may rub against one another, resulting in discomfort.

The Sacroiliac joint is a fluid-filled synovial joint. This joint contains exposed nerve endings, resulting in persistent discomfort if the joint degenerates or does not function correctly.

 

 

Symptoms of Sacroiliac Joint Pain

 

Each individual has a unique experience with the symptoms of SI joint problems. Typical symptoms include the following:

• Lower back discomfort

• Buttocks, hips, and pelvic pain

• Hip discomfort restricted to a single SI joint

• Pain while rising from a seated posture

• Stiffness or a burning feeling in the pelvic

 • Numbness

• Weakness

 • Radiating agony down the thighs and upper legs

• A sensation that your legs may buckle and fail to support your body

 

 

 

Some Common Causes of Sacroiliac Joint Pain

 

Sacroiliac joint pain can occur due to a variety of factors, including the following:

• Injuries caused by trauma

An abrupt impact, such as a car accident or a tumble, might result in a sacroiliac joint injury.

• Arthritis

Sacroiliac joints can develop wear-and-tear arthritis (osteoarthritis), as well as ankylosing spondylitis — a kind of inflammatory arthritis that affects the spine.

• Pregnancy

For less complex delivery cases, the sacroiliac joints must relax and stretch. Pregnancy's increased weight and changed stride might place additional strain on these joints, resulting in abnormal wear.

• Infection

The sacroiliac joint can get infected in rare instances.

 

 

 

Rehabilitation and Prevention for Sacroiliac Joint Pain

 

A good attitude, consistent activity, and an expedited return to work are critical components of rehabilitation. If routine work responsibilities are initially impossible to execute, a modified (light or restricted) duty may be prescribed for a limited period.

 

Preventing recurrences is critical:

• Techniques for lifting correctly

• Proper posture is necessary for sitting, standing, moving, and sleeping.

 • Exercise regularly that include stretching/strengthening

• An ergonomic work environment

• Appropriate diet, a healthy body weight, and a lean body mass

• Techniques for stress management and relaxation

• Smoking is prohibited

 

 

 

Treatment of Sacroiliac Joint Pain

 

The treatment for sacroiliac joint pain is determined by your indications and symptoms, as well as the etiology.

 

 

Medications

Your doctor may prescribe the following treatments, depending on the source of your pain:

• Anti-inflammatories

 If over-the-counter pain relievers are ineffective, your doctor may prescribe stronger versions of these medications.

• Muscle Relaxants

Cyclobenzaprine and Tizanidine may help alleviate the muscular spasms that are frequently associated with sacroiliitis.

• Anti-TNF Agents

 TNF inhibitors — such as etanercept (Enbrel), adalimumab (Humira), and infliximab (Remicade) — frequently alleviate sacroiliitis associated with ankylosing spondylitis.

 

 

 

Physical Therapy for Sacroiliac Joint pain

 

Your physician or physical therapist can teach you range-of-motion and stretching exercises that will help you maintain joint flexibility and strengthening exercises that will help your muscles become more stable.

 

Operations Surgical and Non-Surgical

If none of the previous techniques works, your doctor may recommend the following:

• Injections of joints Corticosteroids

 Injections can be used to decrease inflammation and discomfort in the joint. It would help if you only had a few joint injections each year because the steroids can weaken the bones and tendons in your joint.

• Denervation by Radio Frequency.

Radiofrequency radiation can cause significant damage or destruction to the nerve tissue that is causing your pain.

• Stimulation by Electricity

 Sacroiliitis discomfort may be alleviated by implanting an electrical stimulator into the sacrum.

• Fused joints

Although surgery is seldom used to treat sacroiliitis, joining the two bones with metal hardware can occasionally alleviate discomfort associated with sacroiliitis.

 

 

 

References

1. Sacroiliac joint pain. Mayfield.  httos://mayfieldclinic.cornipe-snointoain.htma,text=Sacroiliac joint pain determine.

2. Mayoclinic staff. Sacroiliitis. Mayoclinic.  httos://www.mayo clinic.

3. Spine-health. Jul 2018.  https://www.spine-health.comkonditions/sacroiliac-ioint-dysfunction/sacroiliac-joint-pain

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